What is 45-70 case?

The 45-70 case is a rifle cartridge originally developed by the U.S. Army in 1873 for use in their Springfield Model 1873 rifles. It has a brass case that is 2.1 inches (53 mm) in length, and is loaded with a .458-inch diameter bullet that weighs between 300-500 grains. The cartridge has a moderate velocity but high energy, making it well suited for hunting big game such as deer, black bear, and elk at moderate ranges. The 45-70 has remained popular among hunters and sportsmen over the years, and is also used by some law enforcement agencies and military snipers. The cartridge has gone through various improvements and modifications over the years, including the introduction of smokeless powders, different bullet designs, and new manufacturing techniques.